Liberty
Letters

October 27, 2003
Jefferson, Letter 1
How
porous should our borders be?
by Steve Farrell
You and I are "melting pot" people; citizens,
that is, of that country set apart by Heaven to
receive those in search of the good life from every
nation, kindred, tongue and people.
As such, we, of all people, ought to recognize
the value of a liberal immigration policy.
President Thomas Jefferson, a descendent of
immigrants, presiding over a nation of immigrants,
thought so.
In his first annual message, dated, December 08,
1801, he asked of those who thought to impose an
extremely arduous course to citizenship for the
immigrant (a 14 years residency requirement), a few
probing questions:
- Shall we refuse the unhappy fugitives from
distress that hospitality which the savages of
the wilderness extended to our fathers arriving
in this land? Shall oppressed humanity find no
asylum on this globe? The constitution, indeed,
has wisely provided that, for admission to
certain offices of important trust, a residence
shall be required sufficient to develop
character and design. But might not the general
character and capabilities of a citizen be
safely communicated to every one manifesting a
bona fide purpose of embarking his life and
fortunes permanently with us? (1)
The advocates of today's liberal immigration
policies, or of far more radical proposals for open
borders, might feel inclined to thus quote
Jefferson, and feel justified.
Yet they had better do so with caution.
President Jefferson also suggested that America
balance her open arm policy "with restrictions,
perhaps, to guard against the fraudulent usurpation
of our flag; an abuse which brings so much
embarrassment and loss on the genuine citizen, and
so much danger to the nation of being involved in
war". "[N]o endeavor", he said, "should be
spared to detect and suppress" this sort of
immigrant. (2)
So much for blind liberality. Not every
immigrant is a friend of America. Jefferson was no
fool.
He had other concerns too.
In his "Notes on Virginia," Jefferson reflects,
"It is for the happiness of those united in society
to harmonize as much as possible in matters which
they must of necessity transact together. Civil
government being the sole object of forming
societies, its administration must be conducted by
common consent." And,
- Every species of government has its specific
principles. Ours perhaps are more peculiar than
those of any other in the universe. It is a
composition of the freest principles of the
English constitution, with others derived from
natural right and natural reason. To these
nothing can be more opposed than the maxims of
absolute monarchies. Yet from such we are to
expect the greatest number of emigrants.
He warns, nearly prophetically:
- They will bring with them the principles of
the governments they leave, imbibed in their
early youth; or, if able to throw them off, it
will be in exchange for an unbounded
licentiousness, passing, as is usual, from one
extreme to another. It would be a miracle were
they to stop precisely at the point of temperate
liberty. These principles., with their language,
they will transmit to their children. In
proportion to their numbers, they will share
with us the legislation. They will infuse into
it their spirit, warp and bias its directions,
and render it a heterogeneous, incoherent,
distracted mass. (3)
There is theory; and then there is reality.
Jefferson was schooled in both. He knew that to
every liberal law there were some reasonable
limits.
We need artisans, he admitted, but not enemies.
We want true freedom seekers to come, but without
"extraordinary encouragements." (4)
What would Thomas Jefferson, therefore, think of
an immigration policy today, that with flashing
lights invites the non-working masses of the world
come, from countries that hate us, to a feast of
"free" food, "free" health care, "free" education,
"free" social security benefits, and free and
instant voter registration cards?
It is hard to see Jefferson calling it anything
but extraordinarily unwise, and extraordinarily
revolutionary. Jefferson would have proposed
something better;&emdash;a policy liberal in its
extension of the blessings of liberty to those who
desired it, and conservative in its economic and
political common sense.
Footnotes
1. Bergh, Albert Ellery, Editor. The Writings
of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 3, p. 338.
2. Ibid., pgs. 338-339.
3. Bergh, Volume 2, p. 120.
4. Ibid., p. 121.
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