The only standard we have for
judging all of our social, economic, and political
institutions and arrangements as just or unjust, as
good or bad, as better or worse, derives from our
conception of the good life for man on earth, and
from our conviction that, given certain external
conditions, it is possible for men to make good
lives for themselves by their own efforts.
Mortimer J. Adler
What every
person "needs" in order to live a whole good life
(happiness)
LIMITED
GOODS
Enough, or as much as
justice allows.
These goods are not completely within our own power
to obtain.
Biological Sustenance: Food, Drink,
Clothing and Shelter.
Health: Physical and Mental.
Wealth
Friendship and Love: Family,
Associations and Fraternities.
Pleasure
Liberty
Civil Peace
Political Power: Citizenship with
Suffrage.
Free Time: For Omnibus
Self-improvement, Rest and Play.
Satisfaction: Of Innocuous
Wants.
GOOD
FORTUNE
UNLIMITED
GOODS
Cannot be possessed in
excess.
These goods are completely within our own power to
obtain.
MORAL
VIRTUE The habit of right
desire;
habit of right choices about actions to be
taken.
(Analytically distinct but not existentially
distinct --
you cannot possess one without the
others.)
Temperance: Habit of resisting and
limiting immediate pleasures for a future
good.
Fortitude: Habit of suffering pain or
discomfort for a future good.
Justice: Habit of concern for the
good of others and community welfare.
Prudence: Habit of right judgment or
choices of the means for attaining the right
end.
INTELLECTUAL
VIRTUES Good habits in the use of
the intellect.
(Analytically and existentially distinct --
you can possess one without the others.)
Speculative: Knowledge,
Understanding, and Speculative Wisdom.
Practical: Art or Skill, Prudence or
Practical Wisdom (habit of right choices about
decisions to be made).